Chalazion

What is a chalazion?

A chalazion is a small lump on the eyelid. It resembles a stye, which is a bacterial infection at the edge of the eyelid; a chalazion, however, sits further from the lid margin and is usually not caused by bacteria.

How does it develop?

A chalazion forms when one of the small oil-producing glands in the eyelid becomes blocked. The trapped oily secretions cause the eyelid to swell.

What are the symptoms?

Symptoms may include:

• a red lump on your eyelid
• tenderness or pain around the lump
• swelling of part or all of the eyelid
• rarely, blurred vision

How is it diagnosed?

Your doctor will examine your eye. A sample of tissue or fluid from around the lump may be sent to a laboratory to check for bacteria, or to rule out other causes such as cancer. Be sure to tell your doctor about any changes in your vision.

How is it treated?

A chalazion sometimes settles without any treatment. Usually, you will be advised to apply warm compresses to the closed eyelid. A compress is simply a clean cloth moistened with warm water. You may need to apply warm compresses for at least 10 to 15 minutes at a time, three to four times a day, over several days. The moist heat helps to reduce inflammation and can help release the blockage in the oil gland. If compresses do not relieve your symptoms, your doctor may prescribe steroids, either as drops or as an injection into the lump. Other treatments include antibiotics in the form of eye drops, ointment or tablets. If the chalazion is still present after six weeks, an ophthalmologist may need to remove it in a minor operation. Surgery is generally safe and effective.

How long will the symptoms last?

The symptoms usually clear within six weeks. Some people develop chalazia repeatedly and may need to take medication on a long-term basis.

How can it be prevented?

You may be able to prevent a chalazion from recurring by using warm compresses and, in severe cases, medication such as doxycycline.